“This Is What Was Spoken Of”
The events reported in the second chapter of Acts on the “day of Pentecost” (one of Israel’s annual feasts) is central to the church’s mission. For that reason, we need to pay careful attention to these spectacular phenomena. The Spirit of God came crashing into the bodies of Jesus’ followers, setting the church apart from any previous work that God had done on earth within a human community.
To fully appreciate this world-changing moment requires more biblical background than we have time to cover in our Sunday morning meeting, so this summary is intended to give you an idea of the deep roots these strange events had in the Old Testament.
The Wistful Prayer of Moses
God told Moses to appoint seventy leaders to assist him in the daunting task of taking the horde of Israelite refugees through the desert. The Lord explained that he would place his same Spirit that inspired and empowered Moses on these men. This meant they too would be divinely energized and directed by God.
When “the Spirit rested upon them, they prophesied. But they did not do it again” (Nu. 11:16-25). In instances such as this, the English word prophesy can be misleading. We equate prophesy with words, either spoken or written. But the Hebrew word, as it is used in Old Testament Scriptures, can refer to the experience of a specific moment of inspiration in which God’s divine energy was released into the world through a human person. This inspiration empowers a number of different activities, including those performed by musicians–cf. 1 Chr. 25:1-3, where prophecy is connected with the playing of lyres, harps and cymbals.
That the leaders Moses appointed to assist him experienced prophecy only this one time and “did not do it again,” most likely served to validate the ongoing inspiration of God’s Spirit that would enable them to perform their duties.
For some reason, two men who were on the list of leaders were running late and failed to reach God’s sacred tent in time to join the others. Nevertheless, when the Spirit rested on the sixty-eight, he fell upon these two men as well. While on their way and still in the camp (among the people), they also began to prophesy. Joshua found this offensive and recommended to Moses that he “restrain them.” Moses, however, replied:
Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the LORD’s people were prophets, that the LORD would put His Spirit upon them! (Nu. 11:27-29)
Apparently, until that moment the experience of God’s Spirit coming on a person in power was unique to Moses. Later on, Joshua is also described as being “filled with the Spirit” (De. 34:9). Otherwise, the experience of being supernaturally energized by the Holy Spirit was not a national privilege but the exclusive experience of specific people.
Who Else Experienced God’s Spirit In this Way?
Short answer: Anyone who had a significant role in the life of Israel, including political, military and spiritual leaders. Also anyone whose participation in worship was of special interest to God. The list includes:
- Artisans and craftsmen who constructed God’s sacred tent with all its furnishings and decorations (Ex. 35:30-35).
- People who served as Israel’s judges–i.e., interim leaders whom God used to rescue Israel from foreign invaders and oppressors (Jdg. 3:10; 6:34; 11:29; 13:26, etc.)
- Israel’s first two kings (1 Sam. 10:6–and notice that like Moses’ leaders, Saul also “prophesied”–; 1 Sam. 16:13).
- The prophets of Israel (2 Chr. 24:20-21; Eze. 11:5; Mic. 3:5-8, etc.).
Old Testament theologian, Walther Eichrodt, observed that God’s formation of a people devoted to him entailed “the emergence of specially equipped men and women whose leadership in word and deed . . . dragged the dull mass of the people with them, again and again smashing and sweeping away all the obstacles . . . raised against them.” And further on:
“Looking back, we may describe the overall spiritual pattern of classical prophecy as that of a dynamic power released by a new sense of the reality of God. This dynamic, invading Israelite life and thought with overwhelming force, sweeps away all that is stagnant, and unleashes a forward movement which can no longer be restrained, and which, once in full career, pauses for nothing.”
George Ladd commented: “The most notable work of the Spirit in the Old Testament was an ‘official ministry’, i.e., the Spirit endowed certain people because they filled particular offices . . . . The symbol of this official impartation of the Spirit was the anointing with oil.”
And William Barclay wrote, “. . . the fact remains that in general the work of the Spirit is connected with the extraordinary and the abnormal. The experience of the Spirit [in the Old Testament] is not an experience for the common man or the everyday.” It was, instead, reserved for special people appointed to fulfill specific tasks.
A Prophetic Twist
The prophet Joel delivered God’s word to Israel in a time when the nation’s agriculture was being ravaged by locusts. Although the people shared in the blame for their desperate condition, there was a radiant hope on the horizon:
It will come about after this
That I will pour out My Spirit on all mankind;
And your sons and daughters will prophesy,
Your old men will dream dreams,
Your young men will see visions.
Even on the male and female servants
I will pour out My Spirit in those days. (Joel 2:28-29)
Joel’s prophecy almost sounds like a response to Moses’ prayer, that all God’s people would be filled with his Spirit and prophesy. That this outpouring of God’s Spirit would include even children and slaves–society’s least valued members– stresses the universal nature of this promised gift. The destiny of God’s people was to become a “kingdom of priests” (Ex. 19:6), a nation devoted to God’s work, empowered by his Spirit.
Now We Come to Acts Chapter 2
When the disciples experienced the phenomena of the Spirit during Pentecost, the crowd that formed around the believers were astonished and perplexed. When Peter stood up to explain what they were witnessing, he used terms that were familiar to them, quoting from their scriptures and specifically citing the words of Joel that we just read. He introduced the quotation by informing them, “this is what was spoken of through the prophet Joel.” The promised future had arrived and it was happening before their eyes.
The amazing exploits and inspired writings associated with people like Moses, Samson, David, and Jeremiah were extended to all of Jesus’ followers. The work of the Spirit that William Barclay described as “abnormal” and “extraordinary” was being experienced by normal, ordinary men and women. Unbelievable, right?
A few years ago, Clark Pinnock wrote:
“Evangelical religion in our day had tended to become overly intellectualized . . . . We have become insecure in the presence of the strange, paralogical powers of the free, dynamic Spirit. And instead of lamenting our deficiency we have sought to restrict the outpouring of the Spirit to the first century so as to direct attention away from our own spiritual poverty.”
Theoretically, all Christians are special people appointed to a specific task–the task of giving testimony to the resurrection of Jesus. We are empowered to let the world know that Jesus is alive by telling them how he has worked in our lives. Those times in which we are filled with God’s Spirit gives our words greater force and effectiveness.
A Satellite View of Acts
My intention here is not to provide background information or a structured outline of Acts like you could easily obtain from a study Bible, commentary or find online. Instead, I want us to enter Acts with a general idea of where it will take us. In my first talk I suggest a reasonable plot for the story that Acts tells. The ongoing tension that recurs in almost every episode carries the narrative from beginning to end.
Dear Theophilus (Acts 1:1, The Message Bible)
The Book of Acts is the second installment of a two volume work (the Gospel of Luke being Volume I). The opening chapters of Luke and Acts share certain similarities. The obvious one is that both are addressed to Theophilus. Others similarities include:
- Predictions regarding what is soon to occur and specific instructions.
- The ministry of John the Baptist in relation to Jesus Christ.
- Someone is or will be “filled with the Spirit.”
- The presence of Mary (at the birth of Jesus and the birth of the church).
- A period of forty days preparation before Jesus began his ministry and again following the conclusion his ministry (Lk. 4:1-13; Acts 1:3).
Genre
Although Acts is the only New Testament book to report events after the life of Jesus, what Luke recorded was not strictly history.
Biblical scholars have tried to identify the class of literature that would best describe Acts (including one suggestion that compared it to a “television documentary like 60 Minutes”). Why is this important? Because genre affects how we read a book (fiction, biography, poetry, etc.).
For our purposes, we will treat Acts as a sacred text. Perhaps Luke knew it would be read as scripture–in the same way he and his contemporaries heard God’s Spirit speaking “through the mouth of David” (Acts 1:16; 4:25). This is consistent with Paul’s view, that God granted apostles and prophets new revelations to make known his inclusion of Gentiles in the promise of Jesus Christ (Ep. 3:3-7). Luke may have been called to such a role.
Acts may employ a number of well-known literary conventions, but it was not bound to any one formula.
Key Words and Ideas
There is a great deal of activity and far-reaching movement in Acts. Nevertheless, the action tends to swirl around specific themes. Typically, two or more themes will overlap as the stories unfold.
- Jesus Christ–and the “name” of Jesus.
- The “witness” that Jesus’ disciples both became and gave (to his ongoing life and work through resurrection).
- The Holy Spirit, who empowers the disciples to be witnesses.
- The gospel and the word that is proclaimed everywhere.
- The kingdom of God–an important piece of the gospel message.
- Rejoicing and joy as a frequent response when the word of God takes root in a community, family or individual life.
- Old Testament quotations, which inform decisions made by the apostles and that are used to explain the person of Jesus as well as to understand the phenomena they experience.
Development
Acts is a book of stories, usually told in clusters, in which one event leads to the next. However, Luke does not always create a link between clusters or even between one story and the next, yet he is able to do this without breaking the book’s forward momentum.
Like Acts, Luke’s gospel also created a sense of events being driven forward (in that case, by the emphasis Jesus placed on getting to Jerusalem (e.g., Lk. 9:51; 13:32-35). In fact, the book of Luke begins and ends in Jerusalem (in the temple). Acts, however, begins in Jerusalem and ends in Rome.
We can identify in Acts critical stages of change and spiritual development in the communal life of Jesus’ followers:
- A shift from Jerusalem as the center to churches in Gentile cities. This is especially evident in the way Antioch becomes a hub for Gentile ministry and mission. In Acts as well as his letters, Paul seems intent on decentralizing Christianity by creating independent churches over which elders were appointed (Acts 14:23) and that operated under the guidance and authority of itinerant apostles and prophets. We may notice that in Acts Paul’s encounters with leadership in Jerusalem did not always go well.
- A shift from Peter as the movement’s leader in Jerusalem to James being in charge. Perhaps this is the price Peter paid for his ministry to Gentiles.
- A shift from the church as a Jewish sect to a religion with a Gentile majority. Interestingly, the radical communal life of Jerusalem believers in the early chapters of Acts was not duplicated in Gentile churches.
At Peace With Waiting
The first account I composed, Theophilus, about all that Jesus began to do and teach, until the day when He was taken up into heaven, after He had by the Holy Spirit given orders to the apostles whom He had chosen. To these He also presented Himself alive after His suffering, by many convincing proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days and speaking of the things concerning the kingdom of God.
Gathering them together, He commanded them not to leave Jerusalem, but to wait for what the Father had promised, “Which,” He said, “you heard of from Me; for John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.” Acts 1:1-8 (chapter 1)
Intro: We have in the New Testament four Gospels that tell the story of Jesus
But his story does not end with the gospels
– this point is made explicit in last verses of Matthew and Luke (Mark leaves us in suspense)
• John devotes several chapters to Jesus’ conversations with the disciples to get them ready
– the book of Acts is the continuation of the gospel story
• and when we get to final chapter of Acts, we’ll see there is room to add more chapters
If like the Gospels Acts is a story, what is the plot?
– as I see it, the tension that runs through the book is this:
• will this venture that grew out of the ministry of Jesus succeed or be derailed by humans?
• we’ll see that the movement is threatened by
◦ conflicts instigated by enemies on the outside
◦ poor decisions or wrong actions initiated by believers from within
– chapters 1 and 2 narrate the transition from Jesus’ ministry to the Spirit’s ministry
Let’s walk through the first chapter
Like the gospel of Luke, Acts is addressed to Theolphilus
– I don’t doubt Theophilus was a real person
• yet I also suspect that Luke played on the meaning of his name: friend (or lover) of God
◦ both volumes were written to inform and inspire people who are inwardly drawn to God
• Luke’s first work is summarized as “all that Jesus began to do and teach”
◦ and from there he immediately jumps to the end if volume 1
– God’s Spirit was actively involved in the final days of Jesus’ physical presence on earth
• it was “by the Spirit” that Jesus “gave orders to the apostles”
An important piece in the Lord’s parting conversation was his response to a question
– the disciples had devoted their lives to following Jesus because of an assumption
• namely, that Jesus was the Messiah who would bring God’s kingdom into the world
◦ Israel, having been oppressed by other nations for centuries, would rise to the top
◦ God’s direct rule of the world through Israel would bring an ultimate state of peace
• but when the disciples asked whether Jesus was finally fulfill his mission,
◦ his response was, “That’s none of your business” – God keeps his calendar private
◦ that information wasn’t given to them, but what would be given is God’s Spirit (vv. 7 & 8)
– we can read verse 8 as a loosely structured table of contents
But seeing that the Spirit was already present, what’s this talk about mean?
– I’ll try to give a full explanation next week, but for now power and upon are key words
• the Spirit would create the road ahead and energize them to walk in it
◦ now this is much better than getting a “design for church”
◦ then having to hammer it out on our own read more…
What Do You See?
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep; and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.
Then God said, “Let there be light”; and there was light. God saw that the light was good; and God separated the light from the darkness. God called the light day, and the darkness He called night. And there was evening and there was morning, one day. Genesis 1:1-5
Intro: I want you to do something for me
Please–think what this phrase might mean: And God saw that the light was good
– what first comes to mind is probably wrong
• for example, that God suddenly perceived or realized something
◦ that he made a surprising discovery
◦ or that an insight occurred to him that hand not already been in his mind
• if we maintain theological credibility, these are not real options
– so give it some thought and we’ll circle back to this phrase later
The Bible begins at the beginning
In verse 1, the clock starts ticking
– the universe appears like an infant fresh from womb
– and there is God, its Creator — Architect, Artisan and Sculptor
• he begins by creating the raw elements for his project
◦ energy and matter and the space to accommodate its formation
Reading these verses, I find myself drawn to the words that depict God at work:
– God said, God saw, God separated, God called
• compact, succinct, profound
• this is a description of the way God organized the chaotic stew
◦ by speaking, separating and calling, God gave the elements order, form and beauty
“God said” – the speech or word of God is essential
– it turns a mass of atoms into something specific
• it gives a thing an identity–e.g., after creating light, God named it
◦ in a sense, naming a thing gives it existence
– God soon shared this responsibility of labeling things with humankind
• he had Adam give names to animals, while Eve named her children
Darkness is one of the primal facts of our universe
Unlike us, however, God is not affected by darkness
– God is more than the universe – he is within it and beyond it at the same time
• the universe does not contain him, God contains it
• darkness does not exist for God
If I say, “Surely the darkness will overwhelm me,
And the light around me will be night,”
Even the darkness is not dark to You,
And the night is as bright as the day.
Darkness and light are alike to You. (Ps. 139:11-12)
– but since God was making the universe for us, he switched on the light read more…
Following Jesus Christ
Into Whatever Comes Next
In those days Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. Immediately coming up out of the water, He saw the heavens opening, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon Him; and a voice came out of the heavens: “You are My beloved Son, in You I am well pleased.” Mark 1:9-11
Intro: I’ve enjoyed reading in the Gospel of Mark this past week
It has been like sitting in a garden or wandering through a forest
– something rustles in one of the verses and I have to take a closer look
• there is much in Mark that inspires and much to savor
– it seemed like something here could provide a good theme for my last talk of 2015
• I want to share with you some of my impressions of Jesus
• since I’ve been reading two chapters at a time, that’s how we’ll go through this
Chapters 1-2: Jesus is always composed and unruffled
For example, his baptism was marked by several supernatural phenomena
– the heavens opening, the Spirit descending and the voice speaking from the sky
• but there is no indication at all that any of this surprised Jesus
– then later, he is not shocked that people would come to him for healing
• nor is he disturbed by a demon’s screaming as he taught in a synagogue (v. 24)
• Jesus acts as if all this is perfectly normal, exactly what he expected
◦ nothing knocks him off balance — it is as if the extraordinary were his daily routine
◦ it seems that around Jesus, miracles cease to be miraculous
Now let’s take a look at the people who came into contact with Jesus
– here we see a sharp blatant contrast: Jesus’ equanimity and their excitement
• two words come up in response to Jesus (vv. 22 & 27)
◦ they were amazed at his teaching and actions
◦ they perceived that Jesus exercised an unique authority
• immediately it became obvious that he was extraordinary
◦ he knew and interacted with a world that was closed off to them
It is always of critical importance that we acknowledge the humanness of Jesus
– he is among us as one of us — he hungers, tires out, cries, loves and so on
• yet he is of a higher human order — one that we are incapable of duplicating
◦ in other words, Jesus is a type of being we cannot grow into
• Jesus is a one-of-a-kind human — flesh and blood like us, yet more
◦ this does not make him less susceptible to pain and sorrow (Heb. 2:14-18)
◦ rather, it enables him to help us at the same time he is able to identify with us read more…
Fourth Sunday of Advent
Theotokos
“Now muster yourselves in troops, daughter of troops;
They have laid siege against us;
With a rod they will smite the judge of Israel on the cheek.
But as for you, Bethlehem Ephrathah,
Too little to be among the clans of Judah,
From you One will go forth for Me to be ruler in Israel.
His goings forth are from long ago,
From the days of eternity.”
Therefore He will give them up until the time
When she who is in labor has borne a child.
The the remainder of His brethren
Will return to the sons of Israel.
And He will arise and shepherd His flock
In the strength of the LORD,
In the majesty of the name of the LORD His God.
And He will remain,
Because at that time He will be great
To the ends of the earth. Micah 5:1-4Now at this time Mary arose and went in a hurry to the hill country, to a city of Judah, and entered the house of Zacharias and greeted Elizabeth. When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb; and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. And she cried out with a loud voice and said,
“Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! And how has it happened to me, that the mother of my Lord would come to me? For behold, when the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joyh. And blessed is she who believed that there would be a fulfillment of what had been spoken to her by the Lord.” Luke 1:39-45
Intro: Like other Christmas scenes taken from scripture,
The moment Mary entered the home of Elizabeth has inspired countless paintings
– from the rigidly posed figures in ancient icons
• to Renaissance realism and many of today’s cheesy illustrations and graphics
– all of these paintings tell a story
• yet each one is like a still frame extracted from a video
• the backstory adds depth to the single picture
Previously, an angel had visited Zacharias and then Mary
Both were frightened at first
– both were given an impossible promise
• both were baffled by what they were told
• and both asked a logical question given their circumstances
◦ yet the old priest was punished for asking,
◦ while young virgin was graciously answered
– though questions look similar, they’re not the same
• Zacharias: By what will I know this? (v. 18, literal)
• Mary: How will be this? (v. 34, literal)
◦ Zacharias’ question had to do with knowing, Mary’s, with being
I know many Christians share in common my struggle with faith
– our spiritual growth stalls or stops at Zacharias’ question
• we hesitate to commit to God’s will unless we first know how it will work
◦ that if we don’t understand what he’s doing, we can’t move forward
◦ we expect everything we are led into to have a rational explanation
• if we aren’t given a map or travel itinerary, we postpone making the journey
◦ before we jump in, we want details and we want certainty
– I easily relate to biblical characters like Thomas or Nicodemus
• when Jesus told Nicodemus, “You must be born again”
◦ he did not ask the Lord, “Can we do that right now?”
◦ instead, he asked, “How can these things be?”
• he could not imagine the method or mechanism of rebirth
◦ but he didn’t need to know
◦ it was something that could happen to him, not an accomplishment of his own
By contrast, Mary did not ask for a rational explanation
– she was prepared to accept her role and was already on board
• basically, her question was, “What’s the next step?”–i.e., “How do I get pregnant?”
– she jumped over Zacharias’ question and Nicodemus’ question
• she went straight to belief and surrender (vv. 38 & 45)
◦ she accepted what she was to be
◦ “may it be done” translates the Greek genotmai, “to cause to be”
• God wanted her to be something, not merely know some things
◦ he wanted a willing partner
This next point may surprise you
God doesn’t consult with me or seek my advice
– and he doesn’t bother to explain everything to me
• if I waited for explanations, there would be long delays
◦ by the time I had the information I wanted, the opportunity would be long past
• we feel like it’s is so important to know,
◦ that we won’t cooperate with God unless he tells us how and why
“How is God going to help with my bills?”
“How is he going to fix my circumstances?”
“How is he going to put my marriage back together?”
– what do we t think we will gain by knowing?
• comfort? the illusion of control?
I’ve said it before: read more…
Third Sunday of Advent
A Song of Joy
Shout for joy, O daughter of Zion!
Shout in triumph, O Israel!
Rejoice and exult with all you heart,
O daughter of Jerusalem!
The LORD has taken away His judgments against you,
He has cleared away your enemies.
The King of Israel, the LORD, is in your midst;
You will fear disaster no more.
In that day it will be said to Jerusalem:
“Do not be afraid, O Zion;
Do not let your hands fall limp.
The LORD your God is in your midst,
A victorious warrior.
He will exult over you with joy,
He will be quiet in His love,
He will rejoice over you with shouts of joy.
Zephaniah 3:14-17And the crowds were questioning him, saying, “Then what shall we do?” And he would answer and say to them, “The man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none; and he who has food is to do likewise.”
And some tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him, “Teacher, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.”
Some soldiers were questioning him, saying, “And what about us, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not take money from anyone by force, or accuse anyone falsely, and be content with your wages.”Luke 3:10-18
Intro: The verses from Zephaniah belong to the traditional cycle of Advent readings
What was Zephaniah’s ministry and message?
– the nation of Judah had been misled by two corrupt and violent kings
• the whole society, top to bottom, was in desperate need of reform
• their current king, Josiah, was only eight years old when he began his reign
– the word God gave Zephaniah was for the king, judges, priests, prophets and people
• God’s discipline had been harsh–and could be even harsher
◦ but if they were ready to return, he was ready to receive and restore them
• Zephaniah advised and encouraged both king and people to seek the LORD
An interesting feature of Zephaniah’s short book is the way it is organized
– Mary Douglas refers to it as “ring composition”
• a literary form that was characteristic of many ancient writings
• the end of the story (poem, etc.) comes back around to the beginning
◦ a distinct theme that occurs in the opening is repeated at the end
◦ in complex rings, everything matches up, from start to middle and middle to end:
• frequently, this form places the key theme in the middle
[This is just for those of you who read these notes from my Sunday talks] The main headings of David Dorsey’s analysis of the literary structure of Zephaniah are as follows:
a coming judgment upon the wicked of Jerusalem (1:2-6)
b coming judgment of corrupt leaders (1:7-13)
c Yahweh’s judgment of all the nations (1:14-18)
d CENTER: call to repentance (2:1-3)
c’ Yahweh’s judgment of all the nations (2:4-15)
b’ coming judgment of corrupt political leaders (3:1-7)
a’ coming restoration of Jerusalem and its fortunes (3:8-20)
(The Literary Structure of the Old Testament, Baker, 1999, p. 313)
– the book begins and ends with a series of “I will” statements (made by God)
• only in the beginning, they are all negative and at the end they are all positive
• several other details strengthen this connection between beginning and end
◦ e.g., the same Hebrew word used in the first sentences recurs in the last sentences
(translated remove in 1:2-3, but translated gather in 3:18-20)
We’re fortunate to land in the book’s pleasant meadow
– the passage above is an invitation to rejoice for what is on the horizon
• how does this fit the Advent theme?
• we are reminded to approach Christmas with joyful preparation
This is not first time I’ve come to a topic I have no business addressing
Forty-two years ago, I settled into scripture to prepare a sermon on our love for God
– all at once, it seemed that God spoke to me, gently but clearly:
“You don’t love Me, you know”
• I did not reply, but immediately and quietly chose another topic to talk about
• later on I had to come back and face a bitter truth
◦ wondering, “Well what am I doing in ministry?” I realized, I loved to teach
◦ the inner conflict this raised eventually resulted in an important change in me
– I am not a joyful person – I lived through too many years of depression read more…
Second Sunday of Advent
Preparing for Christmas
“Behold, I am going to send My messenger, and he will clear the way before Me. And the Lord, whom you seek, will suddenly come to His temple; and the messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight, behold, He is coming,” says the LORD of hosts. “But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He is like a refiner’s fire and like fullers’ soap. He will sit as a smelter and purifier of silver, and He will purify the sons of Levi and refine them like gold and silver, so that they may present to the LORD offerings in righteousness. Then the offering of Judah and Jerusalem will be pleasing to the LORD as in the days of old and as in former years.” Malachi 3:1-4
Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was the tetrarch of Abilene, in the high priesthood of Anna and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness. And he came into all the district around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins; as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet,
“The voice of one crying in the wilderness,
‘Make ready the way of the LORD,
Make His paths straight.
Every ravine will be filled,
And every mountain and hill will be brought low;
The crooked will become straight,
And the rough roads smooth;
And all flesh will see the salvation of God.’ ” Luke 3:1-6
Intro: I noticed a city crew working one night a few days before Thanksgiving
They were hanging Christmas decorations on street lights
– now this is one of those things some of us love to gripe about
• rushing the seasons
• not only merchandisers, advertisers and local city governments,
◦ there are those OCD types who have their Christmas shopping done by October
– maybe those who anticipate the next season have the right idea
• just the wrong reasons
• both of our biblical passages have to do with preparation for Advent
◦ they tell of a messenger appointed to deliver the Advent announcement
◦ as it turns out, John the Baptist is that person
Let’s explore a little deeper into John’s message (vv. 7-9)
John’s rhetoric has all the earthiness of a desert dweller
– vipers, fruit, stones, axe laid at root of trees (and in vv. 16-17, water, fire and wheat)
• all these are allusions to basic elements
– in Matthew’s gospel “brood of vipers” was aimed at Pharisees and Sadducees
• what a word picture!
◦ but was it a fair analogy? does it really describe the ultra-religious?
• yes, because fanatical, dogmatic religion can become venomous
◦ it can run too far in the wrong direction, become more serpent than Spirit
◦ a painfully clear example of its bloody violence occurred this last week in Redlands
John called people to prepare themselves for God’s next great work
– this entailed baptism, which symbolized purification
• for their part, they needed to repent (make a dramatic change or turn)
• for God’s part, he would forgive their sins
– sin is not simply a matter of breaking a rule (like one of the Ten Commandments)
• to misrepresent God, to twist the truth or misuse his gifts are forms of sin
◦ creativity used for evil defaces the image of God in a human person
C. S. Lewis referred to a type of sin that was “a distortion of an energy breathed into us–an energy which, if not thus distorted, would have blossomed into one of those holy acts . . . . We poison the wine as He decants it into us; murder a melody He would play with us as the instrument. We caricature the self-portrait He would paint. Hence all sin, whatever else it is, is sacrilege.”
• John’s work was to let people know they could start over
◦ that the past that haunted or enslaved them could be erased
◦ if they were ready to change, God was ready to forgive
A message like John’s invites self-examination
Notice how John had people asking, “What should we do?” (vv. 10-14)
– a huge piece of life is missing for many people
• apart from self-examination we do not catch the deficits that diminish who we are
◦ there’s lots of introspection with therapists and the self-help industry
◦ but not a lot of serious personal interrogation like Paul recommends:
Test yourselves to see if you are in the faith; examine yourselves! Or do you not recognize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you–unless indeed you fail the test. (2 Cor. 13:5)
• even a simple self-examination each evening could be spiritually beneficial read more…
First Sunday of Advent
Life Between Yesterday and Tomorrow
“Behold, days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will fulfill the good word which I have spoken concerning the house of Israel and the house of Judah. In those days and at that time I will cause a righteous Branch of David to spring forth; and He shall execute justice and righteousness on the earth. In those days Judah will be saved and Jerusalem will dwell in safety; and this is the name by which she will be called: the LORD is our righteousness,” Jeremiah 33:14-16
There will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and on the earth dismay among nations, in perplexity at the roaring of the sea and the waves, men fainting from fear and the expectation of the things which are coming upon the world; for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. Then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. But when these things begin to take place, straighten up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.
Then He told them a parable: “Behold the fig tree and all the trees; as soon as they put forth leaves, you see it and know for yourselves that summer is now near. So you also, when you see these things happening, recognize that the kingdom of God is near. Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all things take place. Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will not pass away.
Be on guard, so that you hearts will not be weighted down with dissipation and drunkenness and the worries of life, and that day will not come on you suddenly like a trap; for it will come upon all those who dwell on the face of the earth. But keep on the alert at all times, praying that you may have strength to escape all these things that are about to take place, and to stand before the Son of Man.” Luke 21:25-36
Intro: There are three things I need to explain about these passages:
- It was not my choice to use these particular verses for my talk today
- Thousands of churches around the world are reading the same verses
- Both passages belong to an Advent tradition that has been observed for centuries
The Jeremiah passage: the promise of a coming Messiah
The reign of King David was seen as the beginning of Israel’s golden age
– eventually, God would give Israel an ultimate king
• “branch of David” was one of his symbolic titles–David’s dynasty was the tree trunk
◦ Israel’s ultimate king would replace every human government
• through the Messiah, God’s would establish universal justice and safety for Israel
– think of it, perfect justice! An idealistic dream come true
• many convictions overturned in the last decade by advanced DNA testing
◦ those and other judicial errors reveal the fallibility of human administration of justice
◦ we frequently mess up in the collection, examination and evaluation of evidence
• If ever I’m in court for crime I didn’t commit, I don’t want to be judged by a jury of my peers
◦ I want a jury of exceptionally perceptive, well-educated, brilliant and fair-minded individuals
However, Jeremiah could not see that the Messiah’s mission would involve two installments
– from his location in time, it looked like one historical event
• it is not unlike the way we talk about the Roman Empire
◦ as if it were a single, monolithic period of history
• we overlook the details and developments of its rise, evolution and fall
– the first installment of Jeremiah’s prediction is our Christmas
• the first Advent (or coming) of Jesus
◦ he announced that the kingdom was “at hand” (near and already present, Mk. 1:15; 14:41-42)
◦ in Jesus God’s kingdom (dimension) entered our world, but as mystery, hidden (Mt. 13:11, 33)
• those who experience the kingdom willingly sacrifice everything for it
The Luke passage: Jesus’ describes events relating to his return
Instructions are interspersed with predictions of cosmic signs, fear, dismay and perplexity
– how his followers were to respond to these things
• both in the future when they happen and now
– Douglas Coupland wrote an intriguing series of first-person vignettes: “The Dead Speak”
• each author reports his or her experience of a nuclear explosion
◦ a typical introduction: “I was by the fridge in the kitchen when it happened.”
• it got me thinking about how a report of Jesus’ return might read
I was walking Kona in the hills near our home when it happened. From childhood I had naively believed there would be a literal trumpet sound, perhaps amplified a million times. It was more like the concussive blast of cosmic thunder, an infinite-sized sonic boom. The universe shuddered–not in a rolling or jarring motion like an earthquake, but the way a person shivers when panicked or a child trembles with excitement.
And then the infusion. Every molecule, every atomic particle in the universe charged with alien energy. Only the new fundamental force (if that’s what it was) did not come from outside space and time, but from within–the essence that thrust space into existence. In that instant, the four-dimensions of the universe dimmed in the radiance of another dimension. Invisible until this moment, the kingdom of God was unveiled. Totally foreign, unnervingly strange, and yet I responded as if it were entirely natural. I whispered, “Of course,” just before being swept into the nothingness that is everything.
◦ whereas Coupland’s vignettes end with phrases like, “and then I was dead,” Jesus said,
. . . straighten up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.
– so “Christmas” comes twice in history and what Luke presents is the second Advent read more…
Christian Creativity
Hanging On to the Creative Vision
When they returned from spying out the land, at the end of forty days, they proceeded to come to Moses and Aaron and to all the congregation of the sons of Israel in the wilderness of Paran, at Kadesh; and they brought back word to them and to all the congregation and showed them the fruit of the land.
Thus they told him, and said, “We went in to the land where you sent us; and it certainly does flow with milk and honey, and this is its fruit. Nevertheless, the people who live in the land are strong, and the cities are fortified and very large; and moreover, we saw the descendants of Anak there. Amalek is living in the land of the Negev and the Hittites and the Jebusites and the Amonites are living in the hill country, and the Canaanites are living by the sea and by the side of the Jordan.” Numbers 13:25-31
Then all the congregation lifted up their voices and cried, and the people wept that night. All the sons of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron; and the whole congregation said to them, “Would that we had died in the land of Egypt! Or would that we had died in the wilderness!” Numbers 14:1-2
Intro: There are episodes in scripture, when I come to them, though I know what happens, I hold my breath
– the decision before the characters will determine the fate of the nation
• I want to yell and warn them, “No! That’s a bad idea. Don’t do it!”
◦ they have so little to gain and everything to lose — God’s companionship, their welfare, their destiny
◦ but they never listen to me, and so the tragedy follows (just like the last time I read it)
• of course, I can’t change their past any more than I can change my own
– this report of the spies and Israel’s response is one of those episodes
It seems to me that Moses set the spies up for failure
– in chapter 12:17-20 he told them what to look for:
• the people (are they strong or weak, few or many), the cities (large or small, open or walled), etc.
• it comes as no surprise that the spies found what they were looking for
◦ strong people (even giants! 13:32-33), fortified cities and a land that “devours its inhabitants”
– God responded to Israel’s moaning by giving them exactly what they said (14:28-29)
It is as if he said,
“Okay, you’ll get everything your faith is able to grasp and what you have imagined possible. I will reward you to the limit of your creativity.”
• but God made an exception for two of the spies, one of whom was Caleb
But My servant Caleb, because he has a different spirit and has followed Me fully, I will bring into the land which he entered, and his descendants shall take possession of it. (14:24)
This, because Caleb had tried to calm and inspire the people
. . . do not rebel against the LORD; and do not fear the people of the land, for they will be our prey. Their protection has been removed from them and the LORD is with us; do not fear them (14:9)
• Caleb had creative vision – he could see the promise as if already fulfilled
Creativity’s greatest resource is faith
Faith inspires and encourages creativity
– if you know there’s a way through, you’ll look for it
• faith is biased in favor of positive outcomes
– I’ve experienced the ease and joy of working with people who can!
• when teamed up with Rick Founds, I’d often ask him for something extra – perhaps unusual
◦ he would smile and within a few days, he would have it ready for our next event
◦ working with Rick spoiled me
• with other creative artists who followed Rick, I would first have to convince them they could!
◦ it was not that he was more talented or creative
◦ he simply had more confidence in his talent and creativity
Where faith falters, creativity declines
Creativity is not irrepressible, it can be blocked read more…




Daily Meditations From the Scriptures